Chihuahua – One of the Smallest Companion Dog Breeds in the World

The Chihuahua originates from Mexico and is one of the smallest companion dog breeds in the world, weighing only 1 to 3 kg. They are known for their intelligence and agility.

The Chihuahua is a toy dog breed from Mexico, recognized for its tiny size and lively personality. It is considered one of the smallest companion dogs in the world. The breed is named after the Mexican state of Chihuahua. In today’s article, let’s explore this fascinating breed in more detail!

Where Does the Chihuahua Come From?

Chihuahua – A Toy Dog Breed from Mexico

The Chihuahua originates from Mexico and is named after the Mexican state of Chihuahua.

According to historical accounts, the ancestors of the Chihuahua were the Techichi dogs of the Toltec people. When the Aztecs conquered the Toltecs, they selectively bred the Techichi to create a smaller version of the breed.

In the 16th century, following the fall of the Aztec civilization, the Techichi breed nearly went extinct. However, by the 19th century, people in Chihuahua, Mexico, continued to breed these small dogs, bringing them recognition.

In 1904, Americans brought the Chihuahua to the United States, where it was officially recognized as a breed by the American Kennel Club (AKC). Today, thanks to its tiny size, adorable appearance, and energetic personality, the Chihuahua has become a beloved companion dog worldwide.

However, another theory suggests that the Chihuahua was crossbred with small Chinese dogs, brought to Mexico by Chinese traders.

Types of Chihuahua

If you're wondering how many types of Chihuahuas exist, check out the information below. Based on coat length and head shape, Chihuahuas are categorized as follows:

Short-haired Chihuahua

Short-haired Chihuahua

The short-haired Chihuahua has a smooth, close-fitting coat that hugs the skin. This variety is very popular in Vietnam because it is easy to care for, does not require frequent brushing, and has an extremely adorable appearance.

Long-haired Chihuahua

Long-haired Chihuahua

The long-haired Chihuahua has a long, soft, and smooth coat, sometimes slightly wavy. Its fur is particularly prominent on the tail and ears. However, this variety is not very common in Vietnam.

Apple-head Chihuahua

Apple-head Chihuahua

The Apple-head Chihuahua has a round, apple-shaped head, a broad forehead, a short muzzle, and large, protruding eyes. This is the standard and most common type of Chihuahua.

Deer-head Chihuahua

Deer-head Chihuahua

The Deer-head Chihuahua has a slender, elongated head, a less pronounced forehead, a longer muzzle, a taller body, and longer legs. However, this type is not recognized in standard dog competitions.

Appearance of the Chihuahua

The Chihuahua is the world's smallest dog breed, known for its adorable looks and distinctive features. Here are some key characteristics:

• Height: 15 - 23 cm
• Weight: 1 - 3 kg; teacup Chihuahuas weigh under 1.5 kg
• Head shape: Round like an apple or elongated like a deer
• Eyes: Large, slightly protruding, brown or black
• Ears: Large, standing upright
• Muzzle: Long
• Coat: Short-haired or long-haired, soft and smooth
• Coat colors: Black, white, yellow, chocolate, brown, cream, etc.
• Body: Small, compact, well-proportioned with a broad chest and straight back
• Legs: Small but strong
• Tail: Long, slightly curved

Personality of the Chihuahua

Chihuahuas are small dogs with big personalities! They are intelligent, alert, and fiercely loyal.

Intelligent and Agile

Chihuahuas are quick learners with great memory. They easily grasp basic commands like sit, stay, lie down, and stand. They also love running and exploring their surroundings.

Brave and Fearless

Despite their tiny size, Chihuahuas have a bold personality. They rarely show fear when facing larger dogs and can even act aggressively by barking loudly to intimidate opponents.

Highly Alert and Vocal

Although they are primarily companion dogs, Chihuahuas have a strong sense of alertness. They tend to bark at strangers or any unusual sounds. Without proper training, they may develop excessive barking habits that can be bothersome to their owners.

Loyal and Affectionate

Chihuahuas form strong bonds with their owners, often choosing one person to be their primary companion. They crave attention, enjoy being cuddled, and can become jealous if their owner gives attention to someone else.

How to Properly Care for a Chihuahua

The most standard way to raise Chihuahua

To raise a healthy Chihuahua, you need to pay close attention to its diet, health care, hygiene, and overall well-being. Let's explore the details below.

A Proper Diet for Chihuahuas

Chihuahuas have small bodies and sensitive digestive systems, so they require a well-balanced and appropriate diet.

Recommended Foods:

• Protein sources: Beef, chicken, pork, eggs, fish
• Vegetables: Pumpkin, sweet potatoes, carrots, broccoli
• Supplements: Vitamins, calcium, glucose
• High-nutrient kibble, pet-friendly treats, and snacks

Foods to Avoid:

• Chocolate, onions, garlic, sugary, spicy, or salty foods
• Fried, oily, or starchy foods
• Fresh cow's milk (Chihuahuas cannot digest lactose well, leading to diarrhea)

Recommended Feeding Portions:

• 2 - 3 months old: 4 meals/day, 20 - 30g per meal
• 3 - 6 months old: 3 meals/day, 30 - 55g per meal
• 6 - 12 months old: 2 - 3 meals/day, 50 - 70g per meal
• Over 1 year old: 2 meals/day, 70 - 100g per meal

Health Care and Vaccination Schedule

Chihuahuas need full vaccinations and regular health check-ups to prevent dangerous diseases.

• Vaccinations: Rabies, 5-in-1, or 7-in-1 vaccines starting from 6 - 8 weeks old
• Deworming: Puppies every 2 weeks, adult Chihuahuas every 3 months
• Health check-ups: Twice a year or as recommended by a vet

Regular Grooming: Coat, Eyes, Ears, and Teeth

Maintaining proper hygiene helps prevent infections and keeps your Chihuahua in good health.

• Coat care:
  • Short-haired Chihuahuas: Bathe 1 - 2 times a month
  • Long-haired Chihuahuas: Bathe and brush more frequently
• Eyes: Wipe daily with a clean cloth to remove eye discharge
• Ears: Clean regularly with a cotton swab
• Teeth: Brush at least twice a week

Daily Training and Exercise

Despite their small size, Chihuahuas are active and need daily exercise and basic training to prevent stubborn behavior.

• Daily walks: 15 - 30 minutes per day, plus playtime in the yard or home
• Basic commands: Teach them to potty in the right place, sit, stay, lie down, shake hands, and not bark excessively
• Avoid jumping from high places to prevent bone injuries

Creating a Suitable Living Environment

Chihuahuas are well-suited for small apartments or homes, but some conditions should be met:

• Provide a warm sleeping area with a soft bed or crate since Chihuahuas are sensitive to cold
• Dress them in warm clothes during cold weather
• Avoid taking them outside in extreme heat to prevent heatstroke

Common Health Issues in Chihuahuas

Common Health Issues in Chihuahuas

Chihuahuas are prone to illnesses due to their small size and poor cold tolerance. Since they are sensitive to their environment, improper care can make them more susceptible to diseases. Below are some common health issues in Chihuahuas and how to prevent them.

Hypoglycemia (Low Blood Sugar)

Chihuahuas are highly prone to hypoglycemia because their tiny bodies cannot store much food, making this condition particularly dangerous.

• Causes: Not eating enough, often seen in puppies under 3 months old and teacup Chihuahuas
• Symptoms: Trembling, lethargy, seizures
• Prevention: Provide frequent small meals with balanced nutrition

Respiratory Infections & Kennel Cough

Due to their small size and weak cold resistance, Chihuahuas are prone to respiratory illnesses.

• Causes: Narrow airways that easily become inflamed in cold weather
• Symptoms: Dry cough, persistent coughing, runny nose, sneezing, loss of appetite, difficulty breathing
• Prevention: Keep them warm in cold weather, ensure vaccinations are up to date, and seek veterinary care if symptoms worsen

Corneal Ulcers & Eye Infections

With their large, protruding eyes, Chihuahuas are more susceptible to eye-related issues if not properly cared for.

• Causes: Naturally bulging eyes, infections, allergies
• Symptoms: Red eyes, excessive tearing, frequent eye rubbing, squinting
• Prevention: Clean their eyes daily with a soft cloth and saline solution; if redness persists, consult a vet immediately

Patellar Luxation (Kneecap Dislocation)

Chihuahuas have delicate bones that are more prone to kneecap dislocation due to improper movement or genetic factors.

• Causes: Genetics, jumping from high places, calcium deficiency
• Symptoms: Difficulty walking, limping, trembling legs, or inability to walk
• Prevention: Provide calcium and vitamin D supplements, prevent them from jumping from high surfaces, and seek veterinary care if symptoms appear

Chihuahua Price Guide & Buying Tips (Coming next!)

Black and White Short-Haired Chihuahua

If you're considering getting a Chihuahua but are unsure about its price and whether it is expensive, check out the price list and buying tips we've compiled below.

Chihuahua Price List in Vietnam

Below is a reference price list for Chihuahuas based on their origin:

Tips for Buying a Chihuahua

To ensure you get a purebred Chihuahua with proper documentation and known origins, consider the following tips:

• Beware of unrealistically cheap prices: Ads selling Chihuahuas for 500,000 VND or purebred ones for 1 million VND are often misleading. At such low prices, you will likely get a mixed-breed Chihuahua instead of a purebred one.
• Determine your purpose for owning a Chihuahua: If you just want a pet and don’t need a show-quality or breeding dog, a locally bred Chihuahua is a budget-friendly and practical option.
• Research market prices before buying: This prevents overpaying or being scammed with excessively high prices.
• Check the dog's health and appearance: Inspect the Chihuahua’s physical condition and behavior to ensure you pick a healthy and energetic puppy.

Frequently Asked Questions About Chihuahuas

What is the most popular Chihuahua color?
Chihuahuas come in various colors, including cream, white, yellow, brown, and chocolate. Among them, chocolate (choco) is one of the most sought-after due to its rarity.

How much does a Mini Chihuahua cost?
Teacup (Mini) Chihuahuas are quite expensive, typically ranging from 7 to 10 million VND for a purebred one born in Vietnam.

Is a long-haired Chihuahua more expensive than a short-haired Chihuahua?
The price difference between long-haired and short-haired Chihuahuas is not significant. Long-haired Chihuahuas bred in Vietnam usually cost between 2 to 5 million VND.

Chihuahua Photo Gallery

Below are some of the cutest Chihuahua images we’ve collected. Take a look and see why these little dogs are so loved as pets!

Super beautiful chocolate colored Chihuahua.

Photo of long haired Chihuahua and short haired Chihuahua.

Photo of Japanese Chihuahua mixed breed dog.

Black Chihuahua dog photo.

Image of a Chihuahua Showing Its Teeth Aggressively

Through this article, dogbreed.wiki has shared a lot of information about the bbreed. If you’re looking for a small, intelligent, and energetic pet, a Chihuahua would be a great choice!

Goodbye and see you in our next Blog posts, where we’ll continue exploring different dog breeds!